Schlaganfall-Management: Literaturzitate

Abbott R, Yin Y, Reed D, Yano K (1986): Risk of stroke in male cigarette smokers: N Engl J Med 1986 315:717-720. [PubMed]

Aboderin I. Venables G. for the PAN European Consensus Meeting on Stroke Management (1996): Stroke management in Europe. J Intern Med 1996;240:173-180. [PubMed]

Adams H. Brott T, Crowell R. Furlan A. Gomez C, Grotta J. Helgason C. et al (1994): Guidelines for the management of patients with acute ischemic stroke. A statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke 1994;25:1901-1914. [PubMed]

Alberts M, Perry A. Dawson D, Bertels C (1992): Effects of public and professional education on reducing the delay in presentation and referral of stroke patients. Stroke 1992;23:352-356. [PubMed]

American-Canadian Co-Operative Study Group (1985): Persantine aspirin trial in cerebral ischemia. II. Endpoint results. Stroke 1985;16: 406-415 [PubMed]

Antiplatelet Trialists Collaboration (1994): Collaborative overview of randomised trials of anti-platelet therapy, I. Prevention of death, myo-cardial intarction. and stroke by prolonged an-tiplatelet therapy in various categories of patients.BMJ 1994;308:81-106. [PubMed]

Asplund K, Marke L-A, Terent A. Gustafsson C, Wester P (1993): Costs and gains in stroke prevention: European perspective. Cerebrovasc Dis 1993;3(suppl 1):34-42. [abstract]

Barnett H, Taylor W, Eliasziw M. Fox A, Ferguson G, Haynes R. et al. (1998): Benefit of endarterectomy in patients with symptomatic moderate or severe stenosis. N Engl J Med 1998;339:1415-1425. [PubMed]

Barnett H. Eliasziw M. Meldrum H (1995): Drugs and surgery in the prevention of ischemic stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;332:238-248. [PubMed]

Barnett HJ, Meldrum HE, Eliasziw M. (1995): The dilemma of surgical treatment for patients with asymptomatic carotid disease.Ann Intern Med. 1995 Nov 1;123(9):723-5. Review. [PubMed]

Baron J, von Kumrner R, Del Zoppo G (1995): Treatment of acute ischcmic stroke: Challenging the concept of a rigid and universal time window. Stroke 1995;26:2219-2221. [PubMed]

Barsan W, Broil T, Broderick J, Haley E. Levy D. Marler-J: Time of hospital presentation in patients with acute stroke. Arch Intern Med 1993;153:2558-2561. [PubMed]

Barsan W. Brott T. Broderick J, Haley E. Levy D. Marler J(1994): Urgent therapy for acute stroke. Effects of a stroke trial on untreated patients. Stroke 1994;25:2132-2137. [PubMed]

Barsan W. Brott T. Olinger C, ct al. (1989): Early treatment for acute ischemic stroke. Ann Intern Med 1989;111:449-451. [PubMed]

Benavente 0. Moher D. Pham B (1998): Carotid endarterectomy for asymptomatic carotid stenosis: A meta-analysis. BMJ 1998;317:1477-1480.[Abstract: PubMed, FullText: mbj.com]

Biller J. Feinberg W, Castaldo J, Whittemore A, Harhaugh R. Dempsey R. Caplan L, et al. (1998): Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy. A statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke 1998;97:501-509. [PubMed]

Blauw G. Lagay A, Smelt A, Westerndorp R (1997): Stroke, statins and cholesterol: A meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind trials with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Stroke 1997;28:946-950. [PubMed]

Bonita R (1992): Epidemiology of stroke. Lancet 1992;339:342-344. [kein Abstract. Suche im Lancet]

Bousser M. Eschwege E, Haguenau M. Lefaucconnier J. Thibult N, Touboul D, Touboul P (1983): ‚AICLA‘ controlled trial of aspirin and dipyridamole in the secondary prevention of athero-thrombotic cerebral ischemia. Stroke 1983;14:5-14. [PubMed]

Brainin M. European Federation of Neurological Societies Task Force (1997): Neurological acute stroke care: The role of European neurology. EurJ Ncurol 1997;4:435-441. [PubMed]

Brandt T, von Kummer R, Müller-Küppers M, Hacke W (1996): Thrombolytic therapy of acute basilar arteryocclusion: Variables affecting recanalization and outcome. Stroke 1996; 27: 875-881 [PubMed]

Bronner L, Kanter D, Manson J (1995): Primary prevention of stroke. N Engl J Med 1995;333:1392-1400. [PubMed]

Brott T. Fieschi C. Hacke W (1994): General therapy of Acute Ischemic Stroke; in Hacke W. Hanley DF. Einhaupl K. Block Berlin TP (cds): Neurocritical Care. Heidelberg. Springer Verlag. 1994;pp 553-577. [PubMed]

Brott T. Reed RL (1989): Intensive care for acute stroke in the community hospital setting. Stroke 1989;20:694-697. [LinkOut]

Cannegieter S, Rosendaal F, Witzen A, van der Meer F. Vandenbroucke J, Briet E: Optimal oral anticoagulation therapy in patients with mechanical heart valves. N Engl J Med 1995;333:11-17. [PubMed]

CAPRIE Steering Committee (1996): A randomised. blinded trial of clopidogrel versus aspirin in patients at risk of ischaemic events (CAPRIE). Lancet 1996;348:1329-1339. [PubMed]

CAST: Randomized placebo-controlled trial of early aspirin use in 20.000 patients with acute ischaemic stroke. CAST Chinese Acute Stroke Trial. Collaborative Group. Lancet 1999;349:1641-1649 [PubMed]

Castillo J. Davalos A. Marrugat J. Nova M (1998): Timing for fever-related brain damage in acute ischemic stroke. Stroke 1998;29:2455-2460. [PubMed]

Chamorro A, Vila N, Asaco C, Blanc R: Heparin in stroke with atrial fibrillation. Arch Neurol 1999;56:1098-1102 [PubMed]

Chimowitz M. Kokkinos J. Strong J, Brown M, Levinc S. Silliman S (1995): The warfarin-aspirin symptomatic intracranial disease study group. Neurology 1995;45:1488-1493. [PubMed]

Colditz G. Bonita R. Stampfer M. Willett W, Rosner B. Speizer F. et al. (1988): Cigarette smoking and risk of stroke in middle-aged woman. N Engl J Med 1988;318:937-941. [PubMed]

Collins R. Peto P. MacMahon S, Herbert P, Fiebach N, Eberlein K (1990): Blood pressure, stroke, and coronary heart disease. 2. Short-term reductions in blood pressure: Overview of randomised drug trials in their cpidemiological context. Lancet 1990;335:827-838. [PubMed]

Davis S, Lees K, Albers G, Diener H, Markabi S, Karlsson Goeril, Norris J (2000) Selfotel in acute ischemic stroke : possible neurotoxic effects of an NMDA antagonist.Stroke. 2000 Feb;31(2):347-54. [PubMed,FullText]

Diener H, Cunha L, Forties C. SilveniusJ, Smets P, Lowenthal A (1996): European stroke prevention study 2.dipyridamole and acetylsalicylic acid in the secondary prevention of stroke. J Neurol Sci 1996;143:1-13. [PubMed]

Diringer M, Ladenson P, Stem B, Schleimer J, Hanley D: Plasma atrial natriuretic factor and subarachnoid hemorrhage. STroke 1998;19:1119-1124. [PubMed]

Dutch TIA Trial Study Group: A comparison of two doses of aspirin (30mg vs 283mg a day) in patients after a transient ischemic attack or a minor ischemic stroke. NEJM 1991;325:1261-1266 [PubMed]

Donahue R. Abbot R. Reed D. Yano K (1986): Alcohol and hemorrhagic stroke. The Honolulu Heart Program. JAMA 1986;255:2311-2314. [PubMed]

Dressier F. Craig W. Castello R. Labovitz A (1998): Mobile aortic atheroma and systemic emboli: Efficacy of anticoagulation and influence of plaque morphology on recurrent stroke. J Am Coil Cardiol 1998;31:134-138. [PubMed]

EC/IC Bypass Study Group (1985): Failure of extracranial-intracranial arterial bypass to reduce the risk of ischemic stroke, results of an international randomized trial. N Engl JMed 1985;313:1191-1200. [PubMed]

Echiverri H, Rubino F. GuptaS. Gujrati M (1989): Fusiform aneurysm of the vertebrobasilar arterial system. Stroke 1989;20:1741 -1747. [PubMed]

Einhaupl K. Diener C. Hacke W. Hennerici M, Ringelstein B (1999): Behandlung des akuten ischamischen Insults. Dtsch Arztebl 1999;17:1123-1130. [aerzteblatt.de]

ESPS Group (1987): The European Stroke Prevention Study (ESPS). Principal endpoints. Lancet ii:1987:1351-1354. [PubMed]

European Ad Hoc Consesus Group: European strategies for early intervention in stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 1996;6:315-324. [karger.com – leider kein Abstract verfügbar]

European Ad Hoc Consensus Group (1997): Optimizing intensive care in stroke: A european perspective. A report of an Ad Hoc Consensus Group meeting. Cerebrovasc Dis 1997;7:113-128.  [in Cerebrovascular diseases – leider kein Abstract verfügbar]

European Atrial Fibrillation Study Group: Optimal oral anticoagulation therapy with nonrheumatic atrial fibrillation and recent cerebral ischemia. NEJM 1995;333:5-10 [PubMed]

European Carotid Surgery Trialists‘ Collaborative Group (1991): MRC European Carotid Surgery Trial: Interim results for symptomatic patients with severe (70-99%) or with mild (0-29%) carotid stenosis. Lancet 1991;337:1235-1243. [PubMed]

Executive Committee for the Asymptomatic Carotid Atherosclerosis Study (ACAS) (1995): Endarterectomy forasymptomatic carotid artery stenosis. JAMA 1995;273:1421-1428. [PubMed]

Feinberg W, Albers G, Banett H, Biller J, Caplan L, Carter L. et al. (1994): Guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks. From the ad hoc committee on guidelines for the management of transient ischemic attacks of the American Heart Association. Circulation 1994;89:2950-2965. [PubMed]

Forbes J (1993): Cost of stroke. Scott Med J 1993;38(suppl):l-4. [PubMed]

Furberg C (1999): Natural statins and stroke risk (editorial). Circulation 1999;99:185-188. [PubMed]

Furlan A (1987): The Heart and Stroke. New York, Springer 1987 [PubMed]

Furlan et al: Intra-arterial prourokinase for acute ischemic stroke. The PROACT II study: a randomized controlled trial. Prolyse in Acute Cerebral Thromboembolism. JAMA. 1999 Dec 1;282(21):2003-11. [PubMed]

Gent M, Blakely J, Easton D, Ellis D. Hachinski W, HarbissonJ,etal.( 1989): The Canadian American Ticlopidinc Study (CATS) in thromboembolic stroke. Lancet 1989;i:1215-1220. [PubMed]

Gil-Peralta A. Mayol A, Marcos J, Gonzales A, Ruano J. Boza F, ct al. (1996): Percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of the symptomatic atherosclerotic carotid arteries, results, complications and follow-up. Stroke 1996;27:2271-2273. [PubMed]

Gorelick P. Sacco R, Smith D, Alberts M. Mustone-Alexander I.. Rader D. et al. (1999): Prevention of first stroke. A review of guidelines and a multidisciplinary consensus statement from the National Stroke Association. JAMA 1999;281: 1112-1120. [PubMed]

Grau A, Buggle F, Heindl S, Steichen-Wiehn C, Banerjee T, Maiwald M, Rolfs M, et al: Recent infection as a risk factor of cerebrovascular ischemia. Stroke 1995;26:373-379 [PubMed]

Gresham G (1992): Rehabilitation of stroke survivor; in Barnett H et al. (eds): Pathophysiology, Diagnosis and Management. New York, Churchill Livingstonc. pp 1992;1189-1201.

Gresham G (1997): American Heart Association Prevention Conference. IV. Prevention and Rehabilitation of Stroke. Rehabilitation. Stroke 1997 Jul;28(7):1522-6 [PubMed]

Grodstein F, Stampfer M, Manson J, Colditz G, Willet W, Rosncr B, Speizer F. ct al. (1996): Postmenopausal estrogen and progestin replacement use and the risk of cardiovascular disease. N Engl J Med 1996;335:453-461. [PubMed]

Grotta J. Pasteur W. Khwaja G, Hamel T, Hamel T, Fisher M. Ramirez A: Elective intubation for neurologic deterioration after stroke. Neurology 1995;45:640-644. [PubMed]

Gustafsson C, Asplund K, Britton M, et al. Cost effectiveness of primary stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation: Swedish national perspective. BMJ. 1992 Dec 12;305:1457-60 [PubMed]

Hacke W, Zeumer H, Ferbert A, Brückmann H, Del Zoppo G: Intra-arterial thrombolytic therapy improves outcome in patients with acute vertebrobasilar occlusive disease. Stroke 1988;19:1216-1222 [PubMed]

Hacke W, Schwab S, Horn M, Spranger M, Degeorgia M, von Kummer R: Malignant middle cerebral artery territory infarction: Clinical course and prognostic signs. Arch Neurol 1996;5 3:309-315 [PubMed]

Hacke W. Stingele R, Steiner T, Schuchardt V. Schwab S (1995): Critical care of acute ischemic stroke. Intensive Care Med 21:856-862. [PubMed]

Hacke W, Kaste M, Fieschi C, con Kummer R, Davalos A, Meier D, Larrue V, et al: Randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trials of thrombolytic therapy with intravenous alteplase in acute sichaemic stroke (ECASS II). Lancet 1998; 352:1245-1251. [PubMed]

Hansson I., Zanchctti A. Carruthers S. Dahlof B. Elmfeldt D, Julius S, Menard J. et al. (1998): Effects of intensive blood-pressure lowering and low-dose aspirin in patients with hypertension: Principal results of the Hypertension Optimal Treatment (HOT) randomised trial. Lancet 351:1755-1762. [PubMed]

Hart R, Sherman D. Easton D, Cairns J (1998): Prevention of stroke in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: Views and reviews. Neurology 51:674-681. [PubMed]

Hass W. Easton D, Adams H, Pryse-Philips W, Molony B, Andcrson S. Kamm B, ct al. (1989): A randomized trial comparing ticlopidine hy-drochloride with aspirin for the prevention of stroke in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med 321: 501-509. [PubMed]

Hemodilution in Stroke Study Group: Hypervolemic hemodilution treatment of acute stroke. Results of a randomized multicenter trial using pentastarch. Stroke 1989;20:317-323 [PubMed]

Heros R: Surgicat treatment of cerebellar infarction. Stroke 1992;23:937-938 [PubMed]

The HOPE Investigations: Effects of an ACE inhibitorramipril, on cardiovascular events in highrisk patients. NEJM 2000;342:145-153. [PubMed]

Horner J. Massey E. Riski J, et al. (1988): Silent aspiration following stroke: Clinical correlates and outcome. Neurology 1988;38:1359-1362. [PubMed]

Indredavik B, Bakke F, Slordahl S. Rokseth R, Haaheim L (1997): Stroke unit treatment: Long-term effects. Stroke 1997;28:1861-1866. [PubMed]

Indredavik B. Bakke F, Slordahl S, Rokseth R, Haaheim L (1999): Treatment in a combined acute and rehabilitation stroke unit. Which aspects are most important. Stroke 1999;30:917-923. [PubMed]

Indredavik B. Bakke F. Solberg R. Rokseth R. Lund-Haaheim L, Holme I (1991): Benefit of a stroke unit: Arandomized controlled trial. Stroke 1991;22:1026-1031. [PubMed]

International Stroke Trial Collaborative Group: The international Stroke Trial (IST): A randomised trial ofaspirin, subcutaneous heparin, both, or neither among 19,435 pathients with acute ischaemic stroke. Lancet 1997; 39: 1596-1581. [PubMed]

Isard P. Forbes J (1992): The cost of stroke to the National Health Service in Scottland. Cerebrovasc Dis 1992;2:47-50. [PubMed]

Iso H, Jacobs D. Wentworth D, Neaton J, Cohen J (1989): Serum cholesterol levels and 6-year mortality from stroke in 350,977 men screened for the Multiple Risk-Factor Intervention Trial. N Engl J Med 1989;320:904-910. [PubMed]

Italian Acute Stroke Study Group: Haemodilutin in acute stroke: Results of the Italina haemodilution trial. Lancet 1988;858:318-321 [PubMed]

Jorgensen H, Kammersgaard L, Nakayama H, Raaschou H, Larscn K. Hübbe P. Olsen T (1999): Treatment and rehabilitation on a stroke unit improves 5-year survival. A community-based study. Stroke 1999;30:930-933. [PubMed]

Jorgensen H, Nakayama H. Raaschou H. Olsen T (1994): Stroke in patients with diabetes. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Stroke 25:1977-1984. [PubMed]

Jorgensen H. Nakayama H, Raaschou H, Larsen K, Hübbe P. Olsen T (1995): The effect of a stroke unit: Reductions in mortality, discharge rate to nursing home, length of hospital stay and cost. Stroke 26:1178-1182. [PubMed]

Jorgensen H. Nakayama H, Reith J, Raaschou H, Olsen T (1996): Factors delaying hospital admission in acute stroke: The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Neurology 47:383-387. [PubMed]

Kalra L, Dale P, Crome P (1993): Improving stroke rehabilitation. A controlled study. Stroke 24: 1462-1467. [PubMed]

Kalra L, Yu G. Wilson K, Roots P (1995): Medical complications during stroke rehabilitation. Stroke 26:990-994. [PubMed]

Kaste M. Fogelholm R, Rissanen A (1998): Economic burden of stroke and the evaluation of new therapies. Public Health 112:103-112. [PubMed]

Kaste M. Palomaki H. Sarna S (1995): Where and how should elderly stroke patients be treated? A randomized trial. Stroke 26:249-253. [PubMed]

Kaste M, Somer H, Konttinen A: Heart type cratine kinase isoenzyme (CK MB) in acute cerebral disorders. Br. Heart J 1978;40:802-805. [PubMed]

Kothari R, Pancioli A, Liu T, Brott T, Broderick J (1999): Cincinnati prehospital stroke scale: Re-producibility and validity. Ann Emerg Med 33: 373-378. [PubMed]

Kothari R. Hall K. Brott T. Broderick J (1997): Early stroke recognition: Developing an out-of-hospital NIH stroke scale. Acad Emerg Med 4: 986-990. [PubMed]

von Kummer R, Allen K, Holle R, Bozzao L, Bastianello S, Manelfe C, Bluhmki E, et al: Acute stroke: Usefulness of early CT findings before thrombolytic therapy. Radiologe 1997;205:327-333 [PubMed]

Langhorne P, Williams B, Gicrist B: Do stroke units save lifes? Lancet 1993;342:395-398 [PubMed]

Laupacis A. Albers G. Dalen J, Dunn M, Jacobson A, Singer D (1998): Antithrombotic therapy in atrial fibrillation. Chest 1998;114:579-589. [PubMed]

Lee I, Hennckens C, Berger K. Buring J. Manson J (1999): Exercise and risk of stroke in male physicians. Stroke 1999;30:1-6. [PubMed]

Lip G, Lowe G (1996): ABC of atrial fibrillation. Antithrombotic treatment for atrial fibrillation. BMJ 1996;312:45-49. [PubMed]

Manson J. Stampfer M, Colditz G, Willett W, Rosner B. Speizer F. et al. (1991): A prospective study of aspirinuse and primary prevention of cardiovascular disease in women. JAMA 266:521-527. [PubMed]

Multicenter Acute Stroke Trial – Europe Study Group: Thrombolytic therapy with streptokinase in acute schaemic stroke. NEJM 1996;335:145-150 [PubMed]

National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke: rt-PA Stroke Study Group (NINDS): Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. NEJM 1995;333:1581-1587 [PubMed]

Nakayama H. Jorgensen H. Raaschou H. Olsen T (1994): The influence of age on stroke outcome. The Copenhagen Stroke Study. Stroke 25:808-813. [PubMed]

Norris J: Effects of cerebrovascular lesions on the heart. Neurol. Clin 1983;11:87-101 [PubMed]

North American Symptomatic Carotid Endarterec-tomy Trial Collaborators (NASCET) (1991): Beneficial effect of carotid endarterectomy in symptomatic patients with high-grade carotid stenosis. N EnglJ Med 325:445-453. [PubMed]

Odderson I. McKenna B (1993): A model for management of patients with stroke during the acute phase. Outcome and economic implications. Stroke1993 24:1823-1827. [PubMed]

Pan European Consensus Meeting on Stroke. Management. Helsingborg. Sweden. 8-10 November 1995 (abstracts). [WHO]

Pedersen T, Kjekshus J, Pyorala K. Olsson A. Cook T, Musliner T. ct al. (1998): Effect of simvastatin on ischemic signs and symptoms in the Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study (4S). Am J Cardiol1998;81:333-335. [PubMed]

Perry IJ, Refsum H, Morris RW, Ebrahim SB, Ueland PM, Shaper AG (1995): Prospective study of serum total homocysteine concentration and risk of stroke in middle-aged British men.  Lancet 1995; 346: 1395­98. [PubMed]

Peto R, Gray R. Collins R. Win-alley K. Hennckens C, Jamrozik K, ct al. (1988): Randomised trial of prophylactic daily aspirin in British male doctorsBMJ 1988;296:313-316. [PubMed]

Plehn J. Davis B. Sacks F. Rouleau J. Pfeffer M, Bernstein V. et al. (1999): Reduction of stroke incidence after myocardial inlarction with pravastatin: The cholesterol and recurrent events (CARE) study. Circulation 1999;99:216-233. [PubMed]

Prospective Studies Collaboration (1995): Cholesterol. diastolic blood pressure and stroke. 13,000 strokes in 450.000 people in 45 prospective cohorts. Lancet 1995;346:1647-1653. [PubMed]

Pulsinelli W. Levy D. Sigsbee B. Scherer P. Plum F (1983): Increased damage after isehemic stroke in patients with hyperglycemia with or without established diabetes mellitus. Am J Med 1983;74: 540-544. [PubMed]

Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology (1998): Practice parameter. Stroke prevention in patients with nonval-vular atrial fibrillation. Neurology 1998;51:671-673. [PubMed]

Reith J, Jorgensen H, Pedersen P. Nakayama H, Raaschou H.Jeppesen L. Olsen T (1996): Body temperature in acute stroke: Relation to stroke severity, infarct size. mortality and outcome. Lancet 1996;347:422-425. [PubMed]

Ringleb P. Bertram M (1998): Hypertension in patients with cerebrovascular accident. To treat or not to treat? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:2179-2181. [PubMed]

Rieke K, Krieger D, Adams H-P, Aschoff A, Meyding-Lamade U, Hacke W: Therapeutic strategies in space-occupying cerebellar infarction based on clinical, neoruradiological and neurophasiological data. Cerebrovasc Dis 1993;3:45-55

Rieke K, Schwab S, Krieger D, von Kummer R. Aschoff A, Schuchardt V, Hacke W: Decompressive surgery inspace-occupying hemispheric infarction: Results of an open, prospective trial. Crit Care Med 1995;23(9):1576-1587 [PubMed]

Ringleb PA, Bertram M, Keller E, Hacke W: Hypertension in patients with cerebrovascular accident: To treat or not to treat? Nephrol Dial Transplant 1998;13:2179-2181. [PubMed]

Ronning 0. Guldvog B (1998): Stroke units versus general medical wards. I. Twelve and eighteen-month survival. A randomized, controlled trial. Stroke 29:58-62. [PubMed]

Rothwell P. Gibson R, Slattery J, Warlow C (1994): Prognostic value and reproducibility of measurements ofcarotid stenosis. A comparison of three methods on 1,001 angiograms. Stroke 1994;25: 2440-2444. [PubMed]

Sacco R. Elkind M, Boden-Albala B. Lin I, Kargmann D. Hauser W, et al. (1999): The protective effect of moderate alcohol consumption on ischemic stroke. JAMA 1999;281:53-60. [PubMed]

Sacco RL, Benjamin EJ, Broderick JP, et al.(1997): American Heart Association Prevention Conference. IV. Prevention and Rehabilitation of Stroke. Risk factors.  Stroke 1997; 28: 1507­17. [PubMedFullText]

Sacks F, Pfeffer M. Move L. Rouleau J. Rutherford J, Cole T. et al. (1996): The effect of pravastatin on coronary events after myocardial infarction in patients with average cholesterol levels. N Engl J Med 1996;335:1001 -1009. [PubMed]

Saito I, Segawa H, Shiokawa Y, Taniguchi M, Tsutsumi K: Middle cerebral artery occlusion: Correlation of computer tomography and angiography with clinical outcome. Stroke 1987;18:863-868 [PubMed]

Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study Group (1994): Randomized trial of cholesterol lowering in 4.444 patients with coronary heart disease: The Scandinavian Simvastatin Survival Study(4S). Lancet 344:1383-1389. [PubMed]

Scandinavian Stroke Study Group: Multicenter trial of hemodilution in acute ischemic stroke. 1. Result in the total patient population. Stroke 1987;18:691-699. [PubMed]

SALT Collaboration Group: Swedisch aspirin low-dose trial (SALT) of 75mg aspirin as secondary prophylaxis after cerebrovascular ischaemic events. Lancet 1991;228:1345-1349. [PubMed]

Schwab S, Schwarz S, Spranger M, Keller E, Bertram M, Hacke W: Moderate hypothermia in the treatment of patients with severe middle cerebral artery infarction. Stroke 1998;29:2461-2466. [PubMed]

SHEP Cooperative Research Group (1991): Prevention of stroke by antihypertensive drug treatment in older persons with isolated systolic hypertension: final results of the Systolic Hypertension in the Elderly Program (SHEP). JAMA 1991;365:3255-3264. [PubMed]

Shepherd J. Cobbe S. Ford I. Isles C. Lorimer A, Macfarlane P. ct al. (1995): Prevention of coronary heart disease with pravastatin in men with hypercholesterolemia. N Engl J Med 1995;333: 1301-1307. [PubMed]

Sherman DG, Atkinson RP, Chippendale T, Levin KA, Ng K, Futrell N, Hsu CY, Levy DE. Intravenous ancrod for treatment of acute ischemic stroke: the STAT study: a randomized controlled trial. Stroke Treatment withAncrod Trial. JAMA. 2000 May 10;283(18):2395-403.[PubMed]

Sivenius J, Pyorala K. Helnonen OP, Salonen TJ, Riekkinen P (1985): The significance of intensity ofrehabilitation of stroke – a controlled trial. Stroke 1985;16:928-931. [PubMed]

SPIRIT Study Group (1997): A randomized trial of anticoagulants versus aspirin after cerebral ischemia of presumed arterial origin. Ann Neurol 1997;42:587-865. [PubMed]

Steering Committee of the Physicians‘ Health Study Research Group (1989): Final report of the ongoingphysicians health study. N Engl J Med 1989;321:129-135. [PubMed]

Steiner T, Mendoza G, De Georgia M, Schellinger P, Holle R, Hacke W: Prognosis of stroke patients requiring mechanical ventilation in a neurological critical care unit. Stroke 1997:28:711-715. [PubMed]

Strand T, Asplund K. Eriksson S, Hagg E, Lithner F. Wester P (1985): A non-intensive stroke unit reduces functional disability and the need for long-term hospilalization. Stroke 1985;16:29-34. [PubMed]

Strand T. Asplund K. Eriksson S. Hagg E, Lithner F, Wester P (1986): Stroke unit care – Who benefits‘?Comparisons with general medical care in relation to prognostic on admission. Stroke 1986;17:377-381. [PubMed]

Stroke Unit Trialists‘ Collaboration (1997): A systematic review of the randomised trials of organised inpatient (stroke unit) care after stroke. BrMedJ 1997;314:1151-1159. [PubMed]

Swanson R: Intravenous heparin for acute stroke. What can we learn from the megatrials? Neurology 1999;52:1746-1750. [PubMed]

The European Ad Hoc Consensus Group (1996): European strategies for early intervention in stroke. Cerebrovasc Dis 6:315-324. [nicht gefunden in PubMed, siehe Cerebrovascular Diseases]

UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group (1998): Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet 352:837-853. [PubMed]

UK-TIA Study Group (1991): The United Kingdom transient ischacmic attack (UK-T1A) aspirin trial: Final results. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 54:1044-1054. [PubMed]

Wade D. Wood V, Langton Hewer R (1985): Use of hospital resource by acute stroke patients. J R Coil Physicians Lond 19:48-52. [PubMed]

Wester P. Radberg J. Lundgreen B. Peltonen M (1999): Factors asociated with delayed admission to hospital and in-hospital delays in acute stroke and TIA. A prospective, multiccnter study. Stroke 30:40-48. [PubMed]

WHO Task Force on Stroke and Other Cerebrovascular Disorders (1989): Recommendations on stroke prevention, diagnosis, and therapy. Report of the WHO Task Force on Stroke and Other Cerebrovascular Disorders. Stroke 20: 1407-1431. [PubMed]

Yadav J, Roubin G, King P. lyer S, Vitek J (1996): Angioplasty and stenting for restenosis after carotid endartcrcctomy, initial experience. Stroke 27:2075-2079. [PubMed]

Yusuf S. Sleight P. Pogue J. Bosch J. Davies R, Dagenais G (2000): Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril. on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. New Engl J Med 342:145-153. [PubMed]

Schreibe einen Kommentar